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[[Image:Wild MissingNo.png|thumb|A typical encounter with MissingNo.]]
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'''Missing Number''' (Japanese: '''けつばん''' ''Ketsuban'', lit. "Missing Number"), referred to by Nintendo of America as '''MissingNo.''', and appearing in-game as '''MISSINGNO.''' refers to a group of glitch Pokémon that act as fillers for vacant slots. In the Japanese versions, there are 38 separate MissingNo. slots, whereas in the Western localizations, there are 39. Three particular examples also serve a specific purpose throughout the game; as the Kabutops Fossil, the Aerodactyl Fossil, and Pokémon Tower Ghost.
Most of the data pertaining to MissingNo. is clearly glitched and unintentional (and there is no error prevention, unlike for example the placeholder sprite loaded in place for the Generation III glitch Pokémon [[??????????]]) and in itself MissingNo. is not a legitimate Pokémon, but [[Partially unused and glitched|curiously some data]] like nine of the MissingNo. cries are leftover development remnants. During the development of Pokémon Red, Green and Blue, the index numbers of many of the MissingNo. were instead occupied by [https://tcrf.net/Pokémon_Red_and_Blue/MissingNo.#MissingNo._List unreleased Pokémon], but in the final games the leftover cries are the only hints that cut Pokémon ever existed.
The index numbers for "MissingNo." entries appear in between valid Pokémon. The 2020 Pokémon Blue source code leak revealed that the 36 regular MissingNo. correspond to deleted Pokémon; however, it has been known [https://glitterberri.com/pokemon-2/ as early as 1997 that over 200 Pokémon were designed], which was [http://lavacutcontent.com/sugimori-masuda-developer-interview/ further reinforced in July 2000]. Additionally, the [https://tcrf.net/Prerelease:Pokémon_Red_and_Blue/Early_Development#Capsule_Monster_Pitch Capsule Monsters pitch from 1990] also mentioned "over 200 types of monsters". According to [https://iwataasks.nintendo.com/interviews/ds/pokemon/0/0/ Iwata Asks (Pokémon HeartGold and SoulSilver)], Mew was programmed into the game near the very end, after debugging features were removed to make space. At some point (as found by asset leaks) a cut Pokémon actually occupied Mew's index number (0x15, dec:21) as [https://tcrf.net/Development:Pokémon_Red_and_Blue/Pokémon_Data Omega].
All MissingNo. are Pokédex number ([[Glitch Pokémon family|family]]) 0, which is coincidentally the same Pokédex number as 'M (00). However, only (English versions) 'M (00)/
MissingNo. is among the most well-known Pokémon glitches in the English player base, likely because it can be encountered through simple glitches and provide a means to duplicate items (see [[glitch Pokédex flags]]). It also typically but not always, appears identical to [[GlitchDex/RB:000|'M (00)]].
==Access and discovery==
Coincidentally, both MissingNo. and 'M (00) are common with the [[left-facing shore tile glitch]]/[[old man glitch]], and these were among the earliest known glitches in the English player base. In the English versions of Pokémon Red and Blue (unlike other versions like English Pokémon Yellow) the unused [[Bird type|Bird-type]] also belongs to MissingNo. and 'M (00), meaning the Bird-type was an example of unused content in the Pokémon games known early on.
In the Japanese player base (where the left-facing shore tile glitch is impossible), the [[Select glitch]] (exclusive to Japanese Red/Green/Blue) and [[Trainer escape glitch]] (accessible in both Japanese and international versions but typically referred to as "fifth" in the Japanese player base), as well as [[Move 0x00 corruption (Generation I)|move 0x00 corruption]] (all versions but easy to set up with Select glitch or Red and Blue using a move swap on an opponent with more than one move with Ditto and Transform), or [[unterminated name glitch item instant encounter]] (provided the front sprite is not problematic) are typically used in its place. In the Japanese player base, [[GlitchDexJP/RG:255|アネ゙デパミ゙ (FF)]] is also similarly well-known (in comparable popularity to MissingNo. and 'M), and can easily be seen replacing the first Pokémon with the [[dokokashira door glitch]]. The Japanese equivalent to 'M (00) is [[GlitchDexJP/RG:000|ィ゙ゃゾA]] (also Pokédex number 0).
In the French, German, Italian and Spanish versions, the left-facing shore tile glitch was partially patched in the Italian and Spanish versions of Red and Blue. The Italian and Spanish versions require using [[walk through walls]] on the coast instead of Surfing. In all versions of Pokémon Yellow, the old man glitch was also fixed. For the affected versions, this (and versions where MissingNo.'s front sprite freezes) made the accessibility of finding MissingNo. harder, but it can still be encountered with the Trainer escape glitch in all versions, and with Move 0x00 corruption (though it may require a trade for Pokémon Yellow, as the [[swapping Transform moves glitch]] typically used to obtain it as the first move was fixed there). Additionally, the Spanish and Italian versions have their own [[Grass/rock Surfing glitch|exclusive glitch]] for finding MissingNo. or 'M (00), which some native Italian and Spanish players have exploited.
Sometimes, specifically for Fossil and Ghost MissingNo. (182-184) because they bypass a freezing front sprite while still duplicating the sixth item, players for versions such as Pokémon Yellow (English) will use a sub-glitch such as the Ditto glitch or a chain of encounters when [[Trainer escape glitch#Trade NPC Pokémon and resulting Pokémon|speaking with a trade NPC before returning to the route]]) to access Special stats as high as 182-184.
==Acknowledgement by Nintendo of America==
The earliest mention of MissingNo. by Nintendo of America was on the May 1999 issue of Nintendo Power where it warned that "any contact with it (even if you don't catch it), could easily erase your game file or disrupt your graphics". It was later featured among other support notes for Pokémon Red and Blue on the company's Nintendo.com website as early as 2000 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20000302133233/http://www.nintendo.com/consumer/technical/repair/pakrepairdetails.html#missingno link]), where it is described as a "programming quirk", "not a real part of the game", and "most often found after you perform the Fight Safari Zone Pokémon trick". However, the Japanese player base knew about MissingNo. before this.
Despite these official statements, MissingNo. is a relatively safe glitch Pokémon in English Pokémon Red and Blue, but other versions may feature problematic front or back sprites of non-fossil Ghost/MissingNo. that could potentially harm the save file due to a [[game freeze]].
==Details==
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The sprites and core data of MissingNo. varies between versions (Red/Blue, Yellow and each of their localizations, in addition to the Japanese Red/Green and Japanese Blue), but its Pokédex category is common across all variants, being classified as the "???" Pokémon. Some of the MissingNo. have sprites which may [[game freeze|freeze]] the game (although not necessarily), such as the front sprite of regular MissingNo. in the English Yellow version.
The
Upon catching MissingNo., its Pokédex entry will be shown if the player has not seen Cubone, and this will activate the [[Rhydon trap]]. Otherwise, the Pokédex entry will not be shown and the MissingNo. will not be turned into a Rhydon.
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*[[Remaining HP glitch]]:- with one of the following remaining HP values (if the value is greater than 255, take a modulo 256): 31, 32, 50, 52, 56, 61, 62, 63, 67, 68, 69, 79, 80, 81, 86, 87, 94, 95, 115, 121, 122, 127, 134, 135, 137, 140, 146, 156, 159, 160, 161, 162, 172, 174, 175 or 181.
*[[Time Capsule exploit]]:- with Scizor, Shuckle, Heracross, Sneasel, Teddiursa, Ursaring, Slugma, Magcargo, Swinub, Piloswine, Corsola, Remoraid, Octillery, Delibird, Mantine, Skarmory, Houndour, Houndoom, Kingdra, Phanpy, Donphan, Porygon2, Stantler, Smeargle, Tyrogue, Hitmontop, Smoochum, Elekid, Magby, Miltank, Blissey, Raikou, Entei, Suicune, Larvitar, or Ho-Oh.
*[[Arbitrary code execution
*[[TMTRAINER effect|TMTRAINER effect via '-' (move 0x00 corruption)]] (when sprites are not flipped).
===''Pokémon Red & Blue'' (Italian/Spanish)===
*[[Grass/rock Surfing glitch]] (exclusive to these versions without more complex modifications; see [[8 8 (0x7C) grass/rock surfing glitch]] and [[submerge glitch]] for 'porting' it to non-Italian and Spanish versions).
*Other international glitches where applicable (does not include old man glitch for Surfing on the coast as opposed to walking with walk through walls).
====Via evolutions====
MissingNo. itself cannot evolve (through level-up, stone or trade) (unlike 'M (00)), however other glitch Pokémon can evolve into it.
{{Evolution2S|1=[[File:RBGlitch245.png|link=GlitchDex/RB:226]]<br>[[GlitchDex/RB:226|…… (E2)]]|C=<br>Level 25|2=[[File:MissingNo. RB SGB.png]]<br>MISSINGNO. (AF)}}
{{Evolution2S|1=[[File:RBGlitch250.png|link=GlitchDex/RB:223]]<br>{{gdex|RB:223|.PkMn (DF)}}|C=<br>Level 224|2=[[File:Pokémon Tower ghost.png]]<br>MISSINGNO. (Ghost) (B8)}}
{{Evolution2S|1=[[File:RBGlitch254.png|link=GlitchDex/RB:244]]<br>{{gdex|RB:244|ゥ₽ (F4)}}|C=<br>Level 195|2=[[File:MissingNo. RB SGB.png]]<br>MISSINGNO. (B5)}}
*Some other glitch Pokémon (known as [[arbitrary learnset/evolution glitch Pokémon]]) can also theoretically evolve into any Pokémon or glitch Pokémon, including MissingNo.
After the evolutions have finished, both glitch Pokémon will look like this on the evolution screen:
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===''Pokémon Yellow'' (English)===
*Ditto trick/Trainer-Fly variation (fossil/ghost MissingNo. recommended to avoid a freeze, alternatively the "[[stable unstable MissingNo.]]" method, or setting up a Trainer-Fly inside of the Pokémon Tower, encountering it without a Silph Scope, then altering the current map to a map other than Pokémon Tower to catch it without the Silph Scope with [[expanded inventory]]).
*[[Remaining HP glitch]]:- with one of the following remaining HP values (if the value is greater than 255, take a modulo 256): 31, 32, 50, 52, 56, 61, 62, 63, 67, 68, 69, 79, 80, 81, 86, 87, 94, 95, 115, 121, 122, 127, 134, 135, 137, 140, 146, 156, 159, 160, 161, 162, 172, 174, 175 or 181.
*[[Time Capsule exploit]]:- with Scizor, Shuckle, Heracross, Sneasel, Teddiursa, Ursaring, Slugma, Magcargo, Swinub, Piloswine, Corsola, Remoraid, Octillery, Delibird, Mantine, Skarmory, Houndour, Houndoom, Kingdra, Phanpy, Donphan, Porygon2, Stantler, Smeargle, Tyrogue, Hitmontop, Smoochum, Elekid, Magby, Miltank, Blissey, Raikou, Entei, Suicune, Larvitar, or Ho-Oh.
*[[Arbitrary code execution
*[[TMTRAINER effect|TMTRAINER effect via '-']] (when sprites are not flipped).
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===''Pokémon Red'', ''Green'', ''Blue'' (Japanese)===
*"Fifth" (Ditto trick/Trainer-Fly variation
*[[TMTRAINER effect|TMTRAINER effect via '-']] (move 0x00 corruption) (when sprites are not flipped).
*[[Unterminated name glitch item instant encounter]].
*[[Arbitrary code execution|Arbitrary code execution e.g. with 5かい or てヘ (tehe)]] (for exploits involving [[glitch items]], requires other glitches to obtain them, such as with the [[expanded item pack]], [[dry underflow glitch]], [[Cycling Road height trick]]. The expanded inventory can also be obtained [[Walk through walls glitch (Select glitch method)|during Select glitches]].)
*Spawning it directly in the party with a [[Select glitch]] (does not duplicate items).
*[[Fossil conversion glitch]] (with a current experience modulo 256 of 31, 32, 50, 52, 56, 61, 62, 63, 67, 68, 69, 79, 80, 81, 86, 87, 94, 95, 115, 121, 122, 127, 134, 135, 137, 140, 146, 156, 159, 160, 161, 162, 172, 174, 175 or 181.
*Other internationally occurring glitches which also apply to Red/Green/Blue (Japanese) (does not include old man glitch).
===''Pokémon Yellow'' (Japanese)===
*Above exploits from Red/Green/Blue except for those requiring Select glitches. For move 0x00 corruption, like English Yellow, the swapping Transform moves glitch does not work here so trading/other glitches to obtain move 0x00 as the top move may be required. The available arbitrary code execution methods in Japanese Yellow are different to Red/Green/Blue (Japan). The Fossil conversion glitch may still be possible if exploited from the [[expanded party]] (see also: [[international fossil conversion glitch]]).
==Data==
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In Pocket Monsters Blue, MissingNo. was given the placeholder Pokédex entry "コメント さくせいちゅう" (meaning 'comment to be written') and became the ??? species. This was not translated, resulting in a glitched Pokédex entry in the localized Pokémon Red and Blue and the corruption of MissingNo.'s original height and weight (1.0 m (3.3 ft) and 10.0 kg (22.1 lb), respectively), showing instead a height of 10.0 ft (3.1 m) and a weight of 3507.2 lb (1590.8 kg). <!--I also wrote this on Bulbapedia-->
==
Some of the cut Pokémon that became the 39 MissingNo. are known (currently 33 of them), as well as [https://helixchamber.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Omega.png Omega], the potential additional MissingNo. that became Mew (0x15, dec:21). For further information, see [https://tcrf.net/Development:Pok%C3%A9mon_Red_and_Blue/Pok%C3%A9mon here] and [https://tcrf.net/Pok%C3%A9mon_Red_and_Blue/MissingNo.#MissingNo._List here]. Note that a few of these designs such as Kotora and Raitora were carried forward to Pokémon 2 and the [https://tcrf.net/Proto:Pok%C3%A9mon_Gold_and_Silver/Spaceworld_1997_Demo Nintendo Space World 1997 demo] (prerelease period of Pokémon Gold and Silver), but still never became final Pokémon.
Nine of them also have unique cries other than declarations of 0, 0, 0, (Nidoran♂ pitch 0 length 0). However, of those MissingNo. hex:45 has a cry identical to [[bp:Zubat (Pokémon)|Zubat]] (formally it was a pre-evolution of Zubat), and MissingNo. hex:89 has a cry identical to [[bp:Dragonair (Pokémon)|Dragonair]] (formally it was similar to Gyaōn, or possibly a pre-evolution of it).
The original Pokémon behind 0x73, 0x79, 0x87, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8 (if any), are unknown.
This section avoids discussing cut Pokémon where there isn't any evidence of them being tied to these particular MissingNo. in the index order, because Game Freak have created many more draft Pokémon designs than 190 during the decade Capsule Monsters/Pokémon and the early versions of Pokémon 2 (Pokémon Gold and Silver) were in development.
{|
Line 351 ⟶ 367:
!Cry Pitch
!Cry Length
!Unused Pokémon
|-
|31
|0x1F
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/f/fc/PokemonRGBY-Gyaon.png Gyaōn]
|-
|32
|0x20
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/b/bf/PokemonRGBY-Nidoran-Like.png Nidoran♂-like Pokémon (or possibly just an early version of it)]
|-
|50
|0x32
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/d/d4/PokemonRGBY-Balloonda.png Balloonda]
|-
|52
|0x34
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/9/90/PokemonRGBY-Buu.png Believed to be Buu from the Game Freak popularity poll because it resembles Woo, a yeti kaiju from Ultraman] (not to be confused with Jynx)
|-
|56
|0x38
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/e/ea/PokemonRGBY-Deer.png Deer]
|-
|61
|0x3D
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/c/cf/PokemonRGBY-Elephant.png Unknown elephant]
|-
|62
|0x3E
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/d/d3/PokemonRGBY-Crocky.png Crocky]
|-
|63
|0x3F
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/8/8e/PokemonRGBY-Squid1.png Mollusk/squid like Pokémon 1], similar to 122, and [https://tcrf.net/images/e/ee/PM2F_380.png 380] (unrelated 1998 backup for Pokémon 2)
|-
|67
Line 357 ⟶ 430:
|128
|16
|[https://tcrf.net/images/f/f6/PokemonRGBY-Cactus.png Cactus]
|-
|68
|0x44
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/3/3e/PokemonRGBY-Jagg.png Jagg]
|-
|69
Line 363 ⟶ 444:
|224
|128
|[https://tcrf.net/images/4/43/PokemonRGBY-ZubatPrevo.png Pre-evolution of Zubat]
|-
|79
Line 369 ⟶ 451:
|255
|64
|[https://tcrf.net/images/a/a4/PokemonRGBY-Fish1.png Fish-like Pokémon (first stage)]
|-
|80
|0x50
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/f/f1/PokemonRGBY-Fish2.png Fish-like Pokémon (second stage)]
|-
|81
Line 375 ⟶ 465:
|224
|96
|[https://tcrf.net/images/9/92/PokemonRGBY-Mikon.png Unreleased Vulpix pre-evolution (known as Mikon in Pokémon 2/Nintendo Space World 1997 demo)]
|-
|86
|0x56
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/6/60/PokemonRGBY-Topknot1.png Unknown] (speculated to be related to [https://tcrf.net/images/d/d3/PM2F_186.CBB.w128.png early Politoed; PM2F_186])
|-
|87
|0x57
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/0/05/PokemonRGBY-Topknot2.png Unknown] (speculated to be part of the same evolutionary line as 86)
|-
|94
Line 381 ⟶ 486:
|64
|192
|[https://tcrf.net/images/0/03/PokemonRGBY-Lizard2.png Unreleased lizard-like Pokémon 1 (may have been part of an evolutionary stage)]
|-
|95
Line 387 ⟶ 493:
|32
|192
|[https://tcrf.net/images/9/9e/PokemonRGBY-Lizard3.png Unreleased lizard-like Pokémon 2 (may have been part of an evolutionary stage)]
|-
|122
|0x7A
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/8/8e/PokemonRGBY-Squid2.png Mollusk/squid like Pokémon 2], similar to 63, and [https://tcrf.net/images/e/ee/PM2F_380.png 380] (unrelated 1998 backup for Pokémon 2)
|-
|127
Line 393 ⟶ 507:
|32
|16
|[https://tcrf.net/images/5/53/PokemonRGBY-Psyduck2.png Unreleased Psyduck evolution (second stage, in between Psyduck and Golduck as the third stage)]
|-
|134
|0x86
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/5/54/PokemonRGBY-Konya.png Unreleased Meowth pre-evolution (known as Koonya in Pokémon 2/Nintendo Space World 1997 demo)]
|-
|137
Line 399 ⟶ 521:
|64
|128
|[https://tcrf.net/images/5/5f/PokemonRGBY-GyaonPrevo.png Similar to Gyaōn, or possibly a pre-evolution of it]
|-
|140
|0x8C
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/8/88/PokemonRGBY-Magneton-Like.png Similar to Magneton, or possibly a cut member of its evolutionary line]
|-
|146
|0x92
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/c/c7/PokemonRGBY-Marowak2.png Similar to Marowak but with a baby Cubone (similar to Kangaskhan and its own baby), possibly a cut member of its evolutionary line]
|-
|156
|0x96
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/3/3f/PokemonRGBY-Gyopin.png Goldeen pre-evolution, known as Gyopin in Pokémon 2/Nintendo Space World 1997 demo]
|-
|159
|0x9F
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/0/02/PokemonRGBY-Kotora.png Tiger-like Pokémon (Kotora in Pokémon 2/Nintendo Space World 1997 demo)]
|-
|160
|0xA0
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/3/35/PokemonRGBY-KotoraEvo1.png Tiger-like Pokémon evolution (Raitora in Pokémon 2/Nintendo Space World 1997 demo)]
|-
|161
|0xA1
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/f/f2/PokemonRGBY-KotoraEvo2.png Evolution of Raitora/160]
|-
|162
|0xA2
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/0/07/PokemonRGBY-Puchicorn.png Pre-evolution of Ponyta (Puchicorn in Pokémon 2/Nintendo Space World 1997 demo)]
|-
|172
|0xAC
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/1/18/PokemonRGBY-Lizard1.png Unreleased lizard-like Pokémon 3 (may have been part of an evolutionary stage)]
|-
|174
|0xAE
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/5/56/PokemonRGBY-BabyBlastoise.png Unknown (possibly the pre-evolution of Blastoise when it was separate from the Squirtle line)]
|-
|175
|0xAF
|0
|0
|0
|[https://tcrf.net/images/7/7f/PokemonRGBY-Gorochu.png Gorochu (cut evolution of Raichu)]
|-
|181
Line 405 ⟶ 598:
|0
|128
|[https://tcrf.net/images/9/93/PokemonRGBY-OrigKamex.png Wartortle's original evolution (separate to Blastoise)]
|}
|}
==Menu sprites==
Line 417 ⟶ 610:
==Front sprites==
<gallery heights="56" widths="56">
File:MissingNo. RB SGB.png|Red/Blue regular MissingNo. sprite
File:Kabutops fossil.png|Kabutops fossil MissingNo. sprite
File:Aerodactyl fossil.png|Aerodactyl fossil MissingNo. sprite
Line 442 ⟶ 635:
==Backsprites==
<gallery heights="112" widths="112">
File:RB Backsprite Family 000 SGB.png|Sample Red/Blue backsprite. Actually 'random', from 0x8F37 in VRAM.
File:RB Backsprite B6 MissingNo.png|Sample MissingNo. 0xB6 backsprite. From bank 0x0B loaded with the two byte backsprite pointer of the previous Pokémon in memory (a Rattata).
File:RB Backsprite B7 B8 MissingNo.png|Sample MissingNo. 0xB7 and 0xB8 backsprite. From bank 0x0D loaded with the two byte backsprite pointer of the previous Pokémon in memory (a Pidgey).
Line 478 ⟶ 671:
MissingNo. is sometimes used as a general term for every glitch Pokémon, but this is a misnomer, as not all glitch Pokémon are called MissingNo., and MissingNo. is a placeholder name rather than an error handler per se.
In [[bp:Generation IV|Generation IV]], there is a sprite that reads 'missing number' (けつばん) in kanji (欠番) but it is not related to the glitch Pokémon MissingNo. and the name MissingNo. from Generation I.<ref>[http://
[[Image:ketsubantile.png]]
Line 495 ⟶ 688:
#[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X_mMUZgeSNQ Encountering a level 7 MissingNo. via the Ditto Trick]
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Pokémon glitches officially acknowledged by Nintendo]]
[[Category:Pokémon Red and Blue glitch Pokémon]]
|