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Line 6: The word "random" is essentially synonymous with "unpredictable". It is believed that [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_random_number_generator some physical processes] are "truly random", i.e. absolutely unpredictable ahead of time, due to underlying quantum effects. However, specially designed hardware is usually needed to utilize those truly random physical processes. Other "random" processes, like rolling a dice or tossing a coin, have their results almost completely determined by the initial conditions, like the height, velocity, and spinning speed of the throw. However, since it is almost impossible for a normal human to control or otherwise determine those parameters to the precision needed to predict the results, those processes can also be considered random. The "randomness" in computers and video games is usually of the latter kind ~~<!--~~— ofdeterministic ~~which~~given ~~two?~~initial ~~-->~~conditions, but difficult to predict nonetheless. In this case, the "initial conditions" mostly come from user inputs, including their precise timings. It is theoretically possible for cycle-level (on the order of 10<sup>-6</sup> second) timings to affect the state of the hardware (possibly in subtle ways, like forcing the V-Blank interrupt to wait for an instruction to complete). Frame-level (~1/60 s) timings tend to affect it in more significant ways, although depending on the specific implementation of the RNG and the game in general, inputs at some frames may not be factored into the RNG. The internal state of an RNG is sometimes known as the "seed". Since many random numbers might be needed at a time when there are few or no external inputs, the unpredictability of random numbers depend on the unpredictability of the seed. Even if unpredictable at the beginning, a seed of finite length cannot generate an infinite sequence of truly random numbers, as each random number carries a certain amount of information about the seed, eventually making the seed, and thus further random numbers, predictable. The best RNG designers could do is to make the outputs "pseudorandom", i.e. making it a difficult computational task to predict later outputs from previous ones. However, real world RNGs, especially ones from old console games, are often not very carefully designed, making it feasible to analyze the outputs and retrieve the seed. Line 30: * Not getting unwanted encounters before Repels can be bought. For glitched runs, RNG manipulations are used more intensively. In addition to the above purposes, they are used to manipulate exact byte values that are needed for specific ~~glitches,~~exploits ~~some~~that ~~not~~reference ~~intended~~values tonot berelavant ~~controllable~~in byglitchless ~~the player at all~~runs (like the player's Trainer ID and Lucky ID). ~~<!-- don't glitchless ones have a greater need for them, instead of the other way around? one of the cornerstones in all glitchless RBY and GSC routes is ID manipulation. -->~~ == Outside of speedruns == Line 36: Luck manipulation techniques can be used to get shiny Pokémon and Pokémon with perfect IVs, a necessity for competitive players both in casual Wi-Fi battles and in sanctioned tournaments. The techniques for that will be detailed in the sub-pages. == In each generation == ==External Links==▼ With each new generation of Pokémon (excluding the first two), the mechanics and means of application of the RNG have changed drastically. With the exception of the four entries in Generation VI, the RNG can be predicted and controlled without external tools or modifications. [http://wiki.pokemonspeedruns.com/index.php/Pok%C3%A9mon_Red/Blue/Yellow_DSum_Manipulation Pokémon Red/Blue/Yellow DSum manipulation], an older generation I technique to manipulate encounter slots based on deducing the RNG state instead of controlling it▼ [http://www.smogon.com/ingame/rng/emerald_rng_intro Smogon's guide to Pokémon Emerald RNG abuse].▼ [http://www.smogon.com/ingame/rng/dpphgss_rng_intro Smogon's guide to Generation IV RNG abuse].▼ [http://www.smogon.com/ingame/rng/bw_rng_intro Smogon's guide to Pokémon Black and White RNG abuse]. ~~==See also==~~ [[Luck manipulation (Generation I)]] Line 52 ⟶ 47: [[Luck manipulation (Generation VI)]] [[Luck manipulation (Generation VII)]] [[Luck manipulation (Colosseum/XD)]] === Individual points of interest === [[Battle Video exploit‎]] [[Cute Charm exploit]] [[RNG correlation (Generation I)]] [[RNG oddities (Generation III)]] ▲==External Links== ▲[http://wiki.pokemonspeedruns.com/index.php/Pok%C3%A9mon_Red/Blue/Yellow_DSum_Manipulation Pokémon Red/Blue/Yellow DSum manipulation], an older generation I technique to manipulate encounter slots based on deducing the RNG state instead of controlling it [http://www.smogon.com/ingame/rng/emerald_rng_intro Smogon's guide to Pokémon Emerald RNG abuse]. <!-- Most of this is fine, albeit uninformative, but the Method 1 and wild encounter subpages are outdated and shouldn't be referenced. The other two are very good all around. --> ▲[http://www.smogon.com/ingame/rng/dpphgss_rng_intro Smogon's guide to Generation IV RNG abuse]. ▲[http://www.smogon.com/ingame/rng/~~emerald_rng_intro~~bw_rng_intro Smogon's guide to Pokémon ~~Emerald~~Black and White RNG abuse]. [[Category:Non-glitch exploits]] [[Category:Terminology]] [[Category:Reference documents]]